As the female bodies intended by the nature for continuation of a sort function

In an organism of the woman as soon as it reaches a sexual maturity, ripen яйцеклетки. At each healthy woman for a life ripens from 400 to 500 яйцеклеток, ready to fertilisation. The time interval from the first day менструации till last day before following менструацией is called as a cycle or менструальным a cycle. A sign of that for each cycle one ripens яйцеклетка, — a monthly bleeding, or менструация. It, however, does not concern the very first менструации at the young girl: usually passes as early as two-three years while for each monthly cycle in it яичниках starts to ripen яйцеклетка, ready to fertilisation. When the monthly bleeding from a uterus stops, at the woman in one of яичников again starts to ripen яйцеклетка. Having ripened, it separates from яичника. This process назьвается овуляцией. In a cycle corresponding to medical norms, i.e. lasting about four weeks, овуляция occurs on 14 — 15th day. After that яйцеклетка it is ready to fertilisation, passage on яйцеводу and to strengthening in a uterus cavity. The way on яйцеводу in a cavity of a uterus it passes in any case and if on a way яйцеклетка it is not impregnated during a monthly bleeding it is taken out from a uterus outside.
Яичники (оварии) are in an organism of the woman on the right and at the left, all in several centimetres from a uterus (see *рис.). Each of them has about the form and the size of pigeon egg and carries out two important functions. In them ripen яйцеклетки which after овуляции move in яйцевод, and the female sexual hormone which regulates normal process of reproduction is formed.
So, for one cycle one of яйцеклеток, being in the cover filled with a liquid ripens only. Яйцеклетка, or the so-called follicle, grows from hardly distinguishable formation to cherry size. Diameter of egg without a cover makes all the tenth share of millimetre, however it is the largest human cage. Mature яйцеклетку it is possible even to consider with open years.
When the follicle bursts, яйцеклетка gets from яичника in яйцевод. Яйцеводы are formations in the form of tubes in length 8 — 10 sm and thickness in half-centimetre. They connect яичники to a uterus (fig. see). Funneled expansions яйцеводов — a penetration place яйцеклетки. On яйцеводам яйцеклетка after овуляции goes to a uterus. In яйцеводе there is a fertilisation female яйцеклетки man's сперматозоидом.
Сперматозоиды which during sexual intercourse have got to a vagina of the woman, get through a uterus neck into a cavity of a uterus and яйцеводы. If сперматозоид meets in яйцеводе mature яйцеклетку, it the head takes root into it, thus there is a fertilisation.
Since this moment the most important role is played by a uterus which from month to month was going to carry out a problem intended to her by the nature: to provide a new life with a food and to be to it a protective cover. External display of this readiness were regular менструации. During pregnancy менструации stop till the moment of a birth of the child.
The uterus is a pear-shaped body in size with an egg which is in the bottom part of a stomach of the woman or as the doctor would tell, in a cavity of a small basin. Distinguish larger body of a uterus laying above which join яйцеводы (маточные pipes), and a neck of a uterus leaving in a vagina (fig. see) . Both the uterus body, and a uterus neck have crucial importance at conception and вынашивании the child. The neck closes a uterus cavity from below, not allowing to get into it to pathogenic microbes by means of original "stopper" from a mucous secret. It opens only in two cases: during time менструации when blood from a uterus cavity through a uterus neck is allocated in a vagina, and during possible conception. Shortly before овуляции and during it within three-four days the mucous secret becomes проницаем for сперматозоидов. During pregnancy the uterus neck "is strongly corked". If this function is broken, there are abortions or premature birth. During time of sorts the uterus neck should be opened as much as possible widely to allow to leave to the child.
Monthly in a uterus there are the processes preparing it for acceptance ripened яйцеклетки. The Mucous membrane to which выстланы uterus walls, should become to certain degree friable. It is provided with the so-called hormones of a yellow body formed in яичниках. If яйцеклетка it is not impregnated, the mucous unnecessary now is torn away, and the bleeding — менструация begins. Then the new mucous membrane is formed. The vagina named also a vagina, represents elastic hollow muscular body in the form of a tube in length about 10 sm which connects internal genitals — a uterus, яичники and яйцеводы — with external.

25.11.2006